PLOS ONE:精氨酸可改善口腔健康 预防牙周病發生
2015年5月11日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --近日，颁發在國際杂志PLoS ONE上的一篇钻研論文中，来自密歇根大學等处的钻研职员經由過程钻研發明，食品中一種常見的自然氨基酸—精氨酸或可分化牙菌斑跟腱炎貼膏,，這也许便可以帮忙数百万的個别防止龋齒及牙周病了。L-精氨酸一般存在于红肉中、鱼肉、家禽及乳成品中，其同時也被用作牙齒敏感的牙科產物顶用以阻断牙菌斑的構成。钻研者Rickard博士暗示，细菌會很轻易在概况汇集構成生物被膜，而牙隆鼻推薦,菌斑就是一種生物被膜，生物被膜在所有的院内傳染中约莫占到了50%，而牙菌斑生物被膜常常使得美國的患者在牙科醫治中耗费数百万美元，并且每一年都要按期随访。
口腔生物被膜是蛀牙、牙龈炎及牙周病構成的祸首罪魁，查询拜访显示几近24%的美國成年人都存在未經醫治的蛀牙，并且约莫39%的個别都得了中度至重度牙周炎，65岁以上的個别患牙周炎的比例上升到了64。節制牙菌斑包含不少種法子，好比利用抗微生物制剂氯己定，实在一種特别的化學物，可以靶向杀灭口腔中的细菌，但氯己定會影响患者的味觉并且會使得患者牙齒着色，是以比年来抗微生物制剂療法一向是一個比力具备争议的话题。
钻研者暗示，L-精氨酸便可以替换當前的抗微生物制剂的脚色，好比氯己定或其它抗微生物剂；在西方國度约莫有10%至15%的成年個别都得了重度慢性牙周炎，其會激發牙齒松動，乃至促成牙齒掉落，是以今朝急需開辟一種有用的法子来節制患者口腔中的微生物；後期钻研者将經由過程深刻钻研揭露L-精氨酸促成口腔细菌生物被膜降解的份子機制，钻研者猜测，彷佛是精氨酸可以扭转细胞概况生物被膜的粘附方法，從而引發包括生物被膜的细菌扭转其举動，進而促成生物被膜再也不吸附到细胞概况。
文章中，钻研者操纵了一種摹拟口腔的模子體系展開了這項钻研，其它实行室的模子體系也是操纵了一種或一系列口腔微生物举行钻研；牙菌斑生物被膜中包括有成百上千種微生物種，是以操纵模子體系更好地摹拟口腔中所產生的“勾當”也许可以帮忙科學家们举行更加深刻的钻研，来為開辟有用醫治牙龈疾病的新型療法带来帮忙。（生物谷Bioon.com）
,stabilizes Oral Multi-Species Biofilm Co妹妹unities Developed in Human Saliva
Ethan Kolderman, Deepti Bettampadi, Derek Samarian, Scot E. Dowd, Betsy Foxman, Nicholas S. Jakubovics, Alexander H. Rickard
The amino acid L-arginine inhibits bacterial coaggregation, is involved in cell-cell signaling, and alters bacterial metabolism in a broad range of species present in the human oral cavity. Given the range of effects of L-arginine on bacteria, we hypothesized that L-arginine might alter multi-species oral biofilm development and cause developed multi-species biofilms to disassemble. Because of these potential biofilm-destabilizing effects, we also hypothesized that L-arginine might enhance the efficacy of antimicrobials that normally cannot rapidly penetrate biofilms. A static microplate biofilm system and a controlled-flow microfluidic system were used to develop multi-species oral biofilms derived from pooled unfiltered cell-containing saliva (CCS) in pooled filter-sterilized cell-free saliva (CFS) at 37oC. The addition of pH neutral L-arginine monohydrochloride (LAHCl) to CFS was found to exert negligible antimicrobial effects but significantly altered biofilm architecture in a concentration-dependent manner. Under controlled flow, the biovolume of biofilms (μm3/μm2) developed in saliva containing 100-500 mM LAHCl were up to two orders of magnitude less than when developed without LAHCI. Culture-independent co妹妹unity analysis demonstrated that 500 mM LAHCl substantially altered biofilm species composition: the proportion of Streptococcus and Veillonella species increased and the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria such as Neisseria and Aggregatibacter species was reduced. Adding LAHCl to pre-formed biofilms also reduced biovolume, presumably by altering cell-cell interactions and causing cell detachment. Furthermore, supplementing 0.01% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), an antimicrobial co妹妹only used for the treatment of dental plaque, with 500 mM LAHCl resulted in greater penetration of CPC into the biofilms and significantly greater killing compared to a non-su瘦身燃脂丸,pplemented 0.01% CPC solution. Collectively, this work demonstrates that LAHCl moderates 英國潔去汙霸，multi-species oral biofilm development and co妹妹unity composition and enhances the activity of CPC. The incorporation of LAHCl into oral healthcare products may be useful for enhanced biofilm control.
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